Research and application of plant growth regulators and their development in the next few years

Plant growth regulators are a kind of substances with similar physiological and biological effects to plant hormones. It has been found that the substances with the functions of regulating plant growth and development include auxin, gibberellin, ethylene, cytokinin, abscisic acid, brassinolide, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and polyamines. As plant growth regulators, they are mainly used in the top six categories in agricultural production. In the 1920s and 1930s, it was found that there were trace amounts of natural plant hormones in plants, such as ethylene, 3-indoleacetic acid and gibberellin, which could control growth and development. In the 1940s, the research on synthetic analogues began, and 2,4 drops, 1-naphthylacetic acid, and Bud inhibiting Pill were successively developed and gradually popularized, forming a category of pesticides. With the development of chemical technology and biotechnology, plant growth regulators are playing a more and more important role in increasing agricultural output, improving product quality, reducing labor intensity, and improving labor productivity. As people predict, the 21st century is a century of bioengineering, and the transformation of bioengineering will be a transformation

Changes in engineering and chemical control technologies.

1、 Research and Application of Plant Growth Regulators

In the 1930s, plant physiologist Thimann and Skoo et al

The research on dominance, rooting of cuttings and control of seedless fruit formation is the beginning of the research and application of plant growth regulators.

By the 1960s, the classification of plant hormones and the application of auxin, naphthylacetic acid and gibberellin made the plant grow in a harmonious way

The research of economizer is gradually mature. Today, the research of hundreds of plant growth regulators is gradually mature. Today, hundreds of plants

The artificial production and application of plant growth regulators marked the rise of the industrial era of plant growth regulators.

Plant physiologists divide the endogenous hormones found in plants into eight categories, namely auxin, cytokinin

Gibberellin, abscisic acid, ethylene, brassinolide, polyamine, jasmonic acid, etc; According to the effect of plant growth regulator

And purpose of use are divided into four categories, namely plant growth promoters, plant growth inhibitors, plant growth retardants, and herbicides

Agent. China has been producing and applying plant growth regulators since the 1950s. The following is a brief introduction to the main plant growth regulator industrial products and

Its main function.

1. Plant growth promoter

(1) Indole acetic acid (IAA)

It is mainly used to promote stem elongation, branch cutting and rooting, expand fruit, and prevent flower and fruit falling.

(2) Indole butyric acid (IBA)

It is mainly used for rooting of cuttings and generally mixed with naphthylacetic acid (NAA).

(3) Sodium Dinitrophenol (NMP)

It is mainly used to promote growth, prevent flower and fruit falling, increase yield, improve quality and improve assimilation.

(4) Inducible acid (IZAA)

It is mainly used for vegetable fruit thinning, promoting citrus fruit maturity and improving quality.

(5) Naphthylacetic acid (NAA)

It is mainly used for stimulating growth, rooting, flower and fruit thinning, preventing flower and fruit falling, inducing flowering, inhibiting bud sprouting, and promoting

Early maturity and yield increase.

(6) Methyl naphthylacetate (MENA)

It is mainly used to inhibit potato germination and prolong the dormancy period of fruit trees.

(7) B-naphthylaminoacetic acid (NOA)

Mainly used to prevent fruit falling

(8)2,4-D

It is mainly used for tissue culture medium, prevention of seedless fruit induced by falling flowers, fruit preservation and weeding.

(9) PCPA

It is mainly used to promote plant growth, prevent flower and fruit falling, accelerate fruit development, mature early, and increase yield improvement products

Quality.

(10) Zengchanling

It is mainly used to promote growth, prevent flower and fruit falling, mature early and increase yield.

(11) Carbaryl

It is mainly used for apple thinning.

(12) Gibberellin (GA)

It is mainly used for fruit expansion, leaf expansion, stem extension, lateral branch growth and breaking dormancy.

(13) 6-benzyladenine (6-BA)

It is mainly used for cell culture, increasing the percentage of fruit, fruit swelling, and vegetable preservation.

(14) Kinetin (KT)

It is mainly used for cell division, tissue culture, improvement of fruit yield, fruit expansion, and vegetable preservation.

(15) N - (2-chloro-4 pyridyl) - N-phenylurea (CPPU)

It is mainly used to break dormancy, promote rooting and germination, accelerate ripening and abscission agent.

(16) Ethephon

It is mainly used to break dormancy, promote rooting and germination, accelerate ripening and abscission agent.

(17) Brassinolide (BR)

(18) Triacontanol (TRIA)

It is mainly used to promote photosynthesis, improve nitrogen nutrition and enhance vitamins.

(19) Oil promoter

It is mainly used to promote photosynthesis, increase fertilizer absorption, promote seed germination and increase yield.

2. Plant growth inhibitor

(1) Cyclamen (MH)

It is mainly used for the germination of phosphorus stems and tubers, and for inhibiting the growth of tobacco lateral buds.

(2) Triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA)

It is mainly used to inhibit the growth of the top of the stem, promote the germination of axillary buds, and increase the number of flowers and fruits.

(3) Plastic element

It is mainly used to restrain the apical meristem, dwarf the plant and promote the development of lateral buds.

(4) Glyphosate enrichment

It is mainly used to increase sugar content, accelerate the ripening of sugar cane and sugar beet.

3. Plant growth retardants

(1) CCC

It is mainly used for plant dwarfing, increasing chlorophyll and enhancing stress resistance.

(2) Choline chloride

It is mainly used to promote the development of root system, increase the yield of root tuber and tuber, and increase the yield of rice and wheat.

(3) DPC

It is mainly used for dwarfing plants, improving assimilation ability, promoting maturity and increasing yield.

(4) By

It is mainly used for plant dwarfing, chlorophyll increase, stress resistance enhancement, fruit coloring promotion and storage period extension.

(5) Paclobutrazol (PP333)

Inhibiting stem elongation and sterilization.

(6) Youkangcong (S3307)

It is mainly used for dwarfing plants, lodging resistance and yield increase, weeding and water bacteria.

(7) Triadimefon

It is mainly used to improve stress resistance, plant dry weight and yield.

(8) Adjust phosphine

It is mainly used for bush dwarfing, citrus pruning and weeding.